Gain

Sometimes we can get stuck in our careers, doing the same things over and over again, day in and day out. One way we can break free from this situation and improve our cognitive abilities is to continue to study and learn new things – even subjects outside of what might be considered our chosen specialty.

CISPR Publications 24 and 35 allow radiated and conducted immunity tests to be performed using I% or 4% steps. This article looks at measured radiated immunity test data to determine the typical shapes of radiated susceptibilities for multimedia equipment. The authors consider what those shapes tell us about the validity of the 4% step method.

This is the second in a series of articles devoted to the design, test, and EMC emissions evaluation of 1- and 2-layer PCBs that contain AC/DC and/or DC/DC converters and employ different ground techniques.

Modern lithium batteries require a comprehensive approach to risk assessment and mitigation during product development, and a swift and systematic response when safety concerns arise in the field.

In this article, we establish design guidelines of a spread spectrum modulation circuit as it relates to CISPR 25.