Amplifier

A basic knowledge of the probe types and their performance capabilities is important because their operation can affect the whole system under test and measurement results obtained.

CISPR Publications 24 and 35 allow radiated and conducted immunity tests to be performed using I% or 4% steps. This article looks at measured radiated immunity test data to determine the typical shapes of radiated susceptibilities for multimedia equipment. The authors consider what those shapes tell us about the validity of the 4% step method.

EMC testing laboratories often have limitations (limited availability, lead times, etc.) that can make it difficult to obtain timely results from routine troubleshooting. Inexpensive test equipment can support efficient and economical in-house EMC troubleshooting.

The thin-film transistor (TFT) became commercially available slightly more than 30 years ago in the form of a switch for the Liquid Crystal Display.