kenneth ross

The safety hierarchy is a flexible concept that can be helpful in deciding on a final product design. But it can also be a trap for the unwary design engineer. This article will discuss the safety hierarchy concept, how do you comply with its requirements, and what are the problems associated with it?

This article will discuss the law of misuse and some ways in which manufacturers can practically perform a risk assessment, including an analysis of product misuse.

This article will discuss the basic kinds of defects that can be alleged in any product liability case, the law as it pertains to compliance with standards, and some tips on how to deal with the issue of standards compliance.

This article discusses the legal and practical issues around the duty to design a safe product and how to decide whether various safety features that aren’t always necessary must be sold as standard features or whether they can be sold separately as options.

This article discusses the legal and practical issues around the duty to warn and instruct and where to place safety information on the product and/or in the manual.

The way you market your product can turn an otherwise safely designed product into an unsafe product that causes injury and creates liability for the manufacturer and product seller.

Product liability litigation and product safety regulatory compliance are sometimes intertwined, and this can make a bad situation worse.

This article presents the legal issues around pre- and post-sale safety improvements in products and provides recommendations to document them.

When it comes to contracts, what terms and conditions are most important, and how can engineers support their company’s efforts to evaluate and minimize risks?

EMC Consulting Keith Armstrong graduated in 1972 from Imperial College, London, specializing in electronic design and...