A research collaborative has shared some fascinating new insights into the world of 2-D topological insulators. In an article published in Physical Review Letters, the researchers reported on the electronic conduction and interference on the insulators. These insulators — and the information we’ve garnered about them — could provide essential tools in creating a whole new generation of electronic devices.
2-D topological insulators are not commonly used. They conduct only at the edge, unlike traditional insulators. Additionally, their electronic structure is mathematically classified in a different manner than normal insulators. Topological insulators have proved a fascinating development for scientists, with good reason. While they remain insulating in the bulk, they are also excellent conductors at the edge. This means that electrons can travel in quantum channels in either direction, although they cannot change direction at any time. However, applying an external magnetic field changes the rules, and allows the electrons to turn as needed.
These factors were incredibly significant in the research of the scientific team. Their work provides insightful new information on some of the fundamental properties of the topological edge state. The scientists can also now propose new strategies to improve these interactions.
“In our work, we tested the consequences of electron U-turns in the conduction of our devices. We also showed how under certain circumstances, electrons allowed to turn seem to do it in an orderly manner, as if in some kind of roundabout, generating a constructive interference.”
This research marks a dramatic change in how insulating materials are thought of. Traditionally they have not been considered a compelling topic for research — at least from an electronics point of view. Since electrons are immobile and therefore unable to contribute to electrical conduction, there hasn’t been much for researchers to investigate. These 2-D topological insulators have changed all that.
Besides painting insulating materials in a new and far more intriguing light, this research has significantly expanded scientist’s understanding on numerous topics. This is particularly true regarding the fundamental properties of the edge states, as well as their conduction properties in 2-D topological insulators. By controlling the properties and interactions of these various states, scientists will be able to develop a whole new generation of electronic devices. These devices will be based on the fundamental quantum properties of these materials. Insulating materials have never looked so fascinating.
